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Meanings of i.e., et al., cf., e.g., ex.


In the text, the following Latin abbreviations often appear: i.e., et al., cf., e.g., ex.

cf.

Abbreviation of the Latin term confer, meaning “compare” or “consult.”

et al.

Abbreviation of the Latin term et alii, translated to “and others” in English, indicating “and other people.”

Usage Example

gensim also executes a stochastic multi-pass algorithm from Halko et al.

Meaning: gensim also implements a stochastic multi-pass algorithm developed by Halko and others.

i.e.

Abbreviation of the Latin term id est, translated to “that is” in English, indicating “in other words” or “that is to say.”

ex.

Abbreviation of the English word example, meaning “for example.”

e.g.

Abbreviation of the Latin term exampli gratia, translated to “for example” in English.

In academic papers, “ex.” is replaced by “e.g..”